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First, make sure that your router supports the connection of USB storage devices.

All Keenetic router models with a USB connector support this feature, except Keenetic 4G KN-1210/KN-1211. On this model, the USB port is only for compatible 3G/4G USB modems. This model does not support the connection of USB drives.

Open the router's web interface in your browser and make sure that the router's system components responsible for working with the USB interface and USB storage devices, as well as support for storage file systems, are installed in the router's settings. You can do this on the 'General system settings' page under 'Component options' by clicking 'Component options'.

Make sure that the most important 'SMB file and printer sharing' component is installed, as well as the components for your drive's file system. For example, if you connect a USB drive with the NTFS file system, the 'NTFS filesystem' component must be installed; if you connect a USB drive with the FAT32 file system, the 'FAT32 filesystem' component must be installed.

Starting with KeeneticOS 3.5, support for Ext file systems has been moved to a separate component. When you connect a USB storage device with the Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 file system, the 'Ext filesystem' component must be installed.

Most Keenetic router models have a USB 2.0 interface. Higher-tier models use USB 3.0 and 2.0 ports. USB 3.0 is backwards compatible with USB 2.0. This means that USB 2.0 devices are guaranteed to work with USB 3.0 ports. The opposite compatibility is not guaranteed, and such situations can theoretically occur (depending on the drive's implementation).

Please note that USB 3.0 devices may be more sensitive to the quality of the cable connecting the router to the drive.

If possible, try plugging another drive or flash drive into the router to see if the USB port works.

You should also check the condition of the cable between the router and the drive.

If in the router's web interface, under 'USB devices' in the connected drive entry, you see a 'Dirty filesystem' status, you need to check the drive or USB stick for errors on your computer.

Keenetic routers support any standard USB drives (except RAID), with standard Windows file systems FAT, FAT32 and NTFS (without data compression), with file systems used in Linux operating systems — EXT2, EXT3, EXT4, as well as the file system of Mac OS — HFS+ (HFS Plus or Mac OS Extended — file system developed by Apple).

One of the reasons why the router does not 'see' a connected USB storage device may be a lack of power. By standard, the USB version 2 port supports powering five load units each at 100 mA, which is a current of up to 500 mA; the USB version 3 port is designed to power 6 standard devices with an estimated current consumption of 150 mA - that is, 900 mA maximum. Keep in mind that the drive may draw considerably more current during intensive use. Typically, portable USB drives with magnetic hard drives have a claimed power consumption of about 1A. Although such devices can be normally detected and operate at low loads (such as storage for data backups, occasional photo browsing, working with text documents over a network), higher loads such as torrent client operation and watching videos increase the power consumption.

In the latest Keenetic models (KN-XXXX), the USB port voltage has been raised to 5.20V, and the current on the USB 2.0 port is now the same as the USB 3.0 standard (i.e. 900 mA) as well as the smoothing capacitance. We design all actual Keenetic KN-XXXX models so that with a current of 1A, the voltage is at least 5V. This is true for both USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 ports.

For drives that consume more than 900 mA and do not have an external power supply, connecting it through a USB hub or box with an external power supply is recommended.

Please note that there is no hardware or software restriction on the number of simultaneously connected USB drives to the crossover. To connect multiple drives to one USB port, we recommend using an active USB hub with its own power adapter.

When you connect an external USB drive with two NTFS partitions to the router, only one of them can be detected. This does not depend on the file system. The thing is that the Keenetic router cannot work with partitions that have the same volume label. In this case, you need to rename one of the hard disk partitions. You can find more information in the article: Connecting a hard drive with multiple partitions to a router.

If you have a problem mounting a 3 TB or larger hard drive, you can repartition the drive with MBR partitioning into several partitions, each under 2 TB, and then format them. For example, a 3 TB external hard drive may be divided into 2 TB and 1 TB partitions.

To format and partition disks, it is recommended to use special software from the manufacturer (Seagate DiscWizard, Acronis True Image WD Edition) or third-party utilities and programs (for example, EaseUS Partition Master Free, MiniTool Partition Wizard, AOMEI Partition Assistant, GParted, Acronis Disk Director, Paragon Partition Manager etc.).

Sometimes, a hidden partition made by the manufacturer can be the reason why the router does not detect a connected USB storage device.

For example, there is such a partition on the Hitachi Lifestudio Mobile hard drive. You can disable it in Hitachi Lifestudio with the Show/Hide CD button. After pressing this button, press OK.

So, if you have followed the recommendations above and the USB drive is still not detected in the router, you need to look at the router's system log for errors. It can be found in the web interface on the 'Diagnostics' section in the System log. If you have found error messages but cannot decipher them, save the router diagnostics file according to the instructions 'Saving a self-test system file'. After that, the diagnostic file should be transferred to our Technical support service to solve the problem.